| 蔡 | cài | surname Cai |
| 蔡元培 | Cài Yuán péi | Cai Yuanpei (1868-1940), liberal educationalist, studied in Germany, President of Beijing University 1917-19, minister of education for Guomindang |
| 上蔡 | Shàng cài | Shangcai county in Zhumadian 驻马店, Henan |
| 上蔡县 | Shàng cài xiàn | Shangcai county in Zhumadian 驻马店, Henan |
| 新蔡 | Xīn cài | Xincai county in Zhumadian 驻马店, Henan |
| 新蔡县 | Xīn cài xiàn | Xincai county in Zhumadian 驻马店, Henan |
| 痞子蔡 | Pǐ zi Cài | Rowdy Cai (1969-), Taiwanese internet writer |
| 蔡依林 | Cài Yī Lín | Jolin Tsai (1980-), Taiwanese singer |
| 蔡伦 | Cài Lún | Cai Lun (-121), the inventor of paper making |
| 蔡司公司 | Cài sī gōng sī | Zeiss Company (Carl Zeiss AG, optical and opto-electronic industries. hq in Oberkochen, Germany) |
| 蔡国强 | Cài Guó qiáng | Cai Guoqiang (1957-), contemporary Chinese artist working with firework displays and light shows |
| 蔡志忠 | Cài Zhì zhōng | Tsai Chih Chung (1948-), famous Taiwanese cartoonist specializing in retelling the Chinese classics |
| 蔡李佛 | cài lǐ fó | Cai Li Fo, Choy Li Fut, Choy Lay Fut, Choi Lei Fut, Choy Lai Fut, Choy Ley Fut, Choi Lei Faht, Tsai Li Fo, Choi Leih Faht - Martial Art |
| 蔡东藩 | Cài Dōng fān | Cai Dongfan (1877-1945), historian, author of popular general history texts up until his own time |
| 蔡甸 | Cài diàn | Caidian district of Wuhan city 武汉市, Hubei |
| 蔡甸区 | Cài diàn qū | Caidian district of Wuhan city 武汉市, Hubei |
| 蔡英文 | Cài Yīng wén | Tsai Ing-wen (1956-), Taiwanese DPP politician |
| 蔡襄 | Cài Xiāng | Cai Xiang (1012-1067), Song calligrapher |
| 蔡锷 | Cài è | Cai E (1882-1916), originator of the National protection army of 1915 |
