| 人 | rén | man; person; people; CL:个,位 |
| 非 | fēi | to not be; not; wrong; incorrect; non-; un-; in-; to reproach or blame; (colloquial) to insist on; simply must; abbr. for 非洲, Africa |
| 生 | shēng | to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; raw, uncooked |
| 而 | ér | and; as well as; and so; but (not); yet (not); (indicates causal relation); (indicates change of state); (indicates contrast) |
| 知 | zhī | to know; to be aware |
| 之 | zhī | (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的); him; her; it |
| 者 | zhě | (after a verb or adjective) one who (is) ...; (after a noun) person involved in...; -er; -ist; (used after a number or 后 or 前 to refer to sth mentioned previously); (used after a term, to mark a pause before defining the term); (old) (used at the end of a command); (old) this |
| 孰 | shú | who; which; what |
| 能 | néng | to be able to; to be capable of; ability; capability; able; capable; can possibly; (usually used in the negative) to have the possibility of; surname Neng |
| 无 | wú | -less; not to have; no; none; not; to lack; un- |
| 惑 | huò | confuse |
